ALBUMIN
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Written by tom
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Sunday, 02 March 2008 |
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The water-soluble and alcohol-soluble protein obtained from blood, eggs, or milk, and used in adhesives, textile and paper finishes, leather coatings, varnishes, as a clarifying agent for tannins, and in oil emulsions.
Crude blood albumin is a brown amorphous lumpy material obtained by clotting slaughterhouse blood and dissolving out the albumin. The remaining dark-red material is made into ground blood and marketed as a fertilizer. Blood albumin is sold as clear, pale, amber, and colored powders. Blood albumin from human blood is a stable, dry, white powder. It is used in water solution for treatment of shock. The material of egg white is sometimes spelled albumen. Egg white is a complex mixture of at least eight proteins, with sugar and inorganic salts. More than half of the total is the protein ovalbumin, a strong coagulating agent, and another large percentage consists of conalbumin which forms metal complexes and unites with iron in the human system. Two of the proteins not so desirable in the human body are ovomucoid, which inhibits the action of the digestive enzyme trypsin, and avidin, which combines with and destroys the action of the growth vitamin biotin. Egg albumin is prepared from the dried egg white, and is marketed in yellowish amorphous lumps or powdered. The complexity of proteins is illustrated by the fact that the formula for egg albumin is C14282H2244N462S14. The heat of pasteurization damages the proteins of the egg white. A small amount of lactic acid and an aluminum salt will stabilize it and allow pasteurizing at 143°F (62°C). Milk albumin is made by coagulating casein. Soybean albumin is used to replace egg albumin in confectionery. Synthetic egg white, or albumin, was made in Germany from fish by extracting the soluble proteins with acetic acid, removing the fat with trichlorethylene, and hydrolyzing with sodium hydroxide. After neutralization, it is obtained as a white powder. Fish albumin is a good emulsifier, and can be whipped into a stiff foam for bakery products
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Material detail
